Chiaroscuro and SfumatoThe best example to guide students to express more realistically and three-dimensionally is to study Leonardo. I always consider chiaroscuro and sfumato, the two main stems of his techniques, to be important. They are the key words to express objects vividly and alive. Life is pretty simple: You do some stuff. Most fails. “It is the ability to draw objects on a flat surface that seem completely separate from the flat surface, and those who excel in this ability deserve the greatest praise. This achievement, which can be called the pinnacle of the science of painting, is completed through chiaroscuro, or light and shade.” Chiaroscuro, the Italian word meaning ‘light/darkness,’ is the use of the contrast between light and shadow to create the illusion of three-dimensional objects’ three-dimensionality and plasticity on a two-dimensional flat surface. Leonardo’s chiaroscuro technique does not simply use darker and more vivid colors, but also includes the method of expressing the darkness of colors in various ways using black pigment. Leonardo also created the sfumato technique, which blurs outlines and edges. This is a technique used by artists to express objects in a way that is visible to our eyes, rather than through sharp outlines. For this reason, Vasari declared Leonardo the founder of “modern technique” in painting, and art historian Ernst Gombrich called sfumato “Leonardo’s famous invention of blurring outlines and saturated colors, allowing one form to merge with another and leaving room for our imagination.” Sfumato comes from the Italian word for “smoke,” more precisely, smoke that disperses into the air and gradually disappears. “Shadow and light should blend without lines or boundaries, like smoke dispersing in the air,” Leonardo advised young painters. In order to draw well, you need to understand light and shadow. And it is important to explore the essence of the object. In fact, this is very important and may be common sense that everyone knows. However, it is often forgotten when drawing. I plan to continue to develop these two important keywords through this opportunity.
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1/28/2025 10:57:48 pm
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